nondescript/types/value.nim

import strformat
import bitops

import ndstring
import stringutils

type
  NdValue* = uint
  
  NatReturn* = object
    ok*: bool
    msg*: string

# NaN boxing constants

# see https://craftinginterpreters.com/optimization.html
# bit layout:
# bit 63 is unused (can be used for more types in the future)
# bits 62-50 are all 1 if it's not a float
# bits 49-48 determine type:
  # 00 -> nil or bool (singletons)
  # 01 -> string
  # 10 -> funct

const qNan* = 0x7ffc000000000000'u

const ndNil* = 0x7ffc000000000001'u
const ndTrue* = 0x7ffc000000000002'u
const ndFalse* = 0x7ffc000000000003'u

# 0111 1111 1111 11*01* 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
const tagString* = 0x7ffd000000000000'u

# 0111 1111 1111 11*10* 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000
const tagFunct* = 0x7ffe000000000000'u

const mask48* = 0xffff000000000000'u

# converters

template isNil*(val: NdValue): bool =
  val == ndNil

template isBool*(val: NdValue): bool =
  (val.bitor(1'u)) == ndFalse

template isFloat*(val: NdValue): bool =
  val.bitand(qNan) != qNan 

template isString*(val: NdValue): bool =
  val.bitand(mask48) == tagString

template isFunct*(val: NdValue): bool =
  val.bitand(mask48) == tagFunct

# these assume that the type has been previously determined
template asBool*(val: NdValue): bool =
  val == ndTrue

template asFloat*(val: NdValue): float =
  cast[float64](val)

template asString*(val: NdValue): NdString =
  cast[NdString](val.bitand(mask48.bitnot()))

template asFunct*(val: NdValue): ptr uint8 =
  cast[ptr uint8](val.bitand(mask48.bitnot()))

template fromNil*(): NdValue =
  ndNil

template fromBool*(val: bool): NdValue =
  if val: ndTrue else: ndFalse

template fromFloat*(val: float): NdValue =
  cast[NdValue](val)

template fromNdString*(val: NdString): NdValue =
  cast[uint](val).bitor(tagString)

template fromNimString*(sval: string): NdValue =
  fromNdString(newString(sval))

template fromFunct*(val: ptr uint8): NdValue =
  cast[uint](val).bitor(tagFunct)


# KON VALUE HELPERS, MUST BE DEFINED FOR EVERY KONVALUE

proc `$`*(val: NdValue): string =
  if val.isNil():
    return "nil"
  elif val == ndTrue:
    return "true"
  elif val == ndFalse:
    return "false"
  elif val.isFloat():
    return $val.asFloat()
  elif val.isFunct():
    return &"Function object {cast[uint](val.asFunct())}"
  elif val.isString():
    return $val.asString()

proc isFalsey*(val: NdValue): bool =
  val == ndNil or val == ndFalse

template isTruthy*(val: NdValue): bool =
  not val.isFalsey()

proc friendlyType*(val: NdValue): string =
  if val == ndNil:
    "nil"
  elif val.isBool():
    "bool"
  elif val.isFloat():
    "number"
  elif val.isString():
    "string"
  elif val.isFunct():
    "function"
  else:
    "unknown"

# NatReturn misc

proc natError*(msg: string): NatReturn {.inline.} =
  NatReturn(ok: false, msg: msg)

const natOk* = NatReturn(ok: true)

# OPERATIONS

proc negate*(val: var NdValue): NatReturn {.inline.} =
  if not val.isFloat():
    return natError("Operand must be a number.")
  else:
    val = fromFloat(-val.asFloat())
    return natOk

proc add*(val: var NdValue, right: NdValue): NatReturn {.inline.} =
  if val.isFloat() and right.isFloat():
    val = fromFloat(val.asFloat() + right.asFloat())
  elif val.isString() and right.isString():
    val = fromNdString(val.asString() & val.asString())
  else:
    return natError(&"Attempt to add types {val.friendlyType()} and {right.friendlyType()}.")
  return natOk

proc subtract*(val: var NdValue, right: NdValue): NatReturn {.inline.} =
  if val.isFloat() and right.isFloat():
    val = fromFloat(val.asFloat() - right.asFloat())
  else:
    return natError(&"Attempt to subtract types {val.friendlyType()} and {right.friendlyType()}.")
  return natOk

proc multiply*(val: var NdValue, right: NdValue): NatReturn {.inline.} =
  if val.isFloat() and right.isFloat():
    val = fromFloat(val.asFloat() * right.asFloat())
  else:
    return natError(&"Attempt to multiply types {val.friendlyType()} and {right.friendlyType()}.")
  return natOk

proc divide*(val: var NdValue, right: NdValue): NatReturn {.inline.} =
  if val.isFloat() and right.isFloat():
    val = fromFloat(val.asFloat() / right.asFloat())
  else:
    return natError(&"Attempt to divide types {val.friendlyType()} and {right.friendlyType()}.")
  return natOk

proc less*(val: var NdValue, right: NdValue): NatReturn {.inline.} =
  if val.isFloat() and right.isFloat():
    val = fromBool(val.asFloat() < right.asFloat())
  else:
    return natError(&"Attempt to compare types {val.friendlyType()} and {right.friendlyType()}.")
  return natOk

proc greater*(val: var NdValue, right: NdValue): NatReturn {.inline.} =
  if val.isFloat() and right.isFloat():
    val = fromBool(val.asFloat() > right.asFloat())
  else:
    return natError(&"Attempt to compare types {val.friendlyType()} and {right.friendlyType()}.")
  return natOk

# for hashtables

proc fnv1a*(ndval: NdValue): int =
  var hash = 2166136261'u32
  var val = ndval
  for i in countup(0, 7):
    hash = hash xor val.uint8.uint32
    hash *= 16777619
    val = val shr 8
  return hash.int

proc equal*(val, right: NdValue): bool =
  if val.isFloat() and right.isFloat():
    val.asFloat() == right.asFloat()
  else:
    val == right