CPG/src/TicTacToe/player.nim

# Copyright 2022 Mattia Giambirtone & All Contributors
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
import board
import ../util/matrix


export board
export matrix


import std/strutils
import std/segfaults
import std/terminal
import std/random
import std/os


randomize()


proc play(treeA, treeB: Move) =
    ## Plays a game of tic tac toe
    ## against the user
    stdout.write("\x1Bc")
    var game = newTicTacToe()
    var moves = treeA
    var location: tuple[row, col: int]
    var index: int
    stdout.styledWrite(fgGreen, styleBright, "Wanna start first? ", fgYellow ,"[Y/n] ")
    if readLine(stdin).strip(chars={'\n'}).toLowerAscii() in ["n", "no"]:
        moves = treeB
        location = where(moves.state, moves.state != game.map, 3).index(Self.uint8)
        game.place(Self, location.row, location.col)
        stdout.write("\x1Bc")
        styledEcho fgCyan, styleBright, "Computer chose ", fgYellow, $game.map.getIndex(location.row, location.col)
    else:
        stdout.write("\x1Bc")
    while game.get() == Playing:
        styledEcho fgBlue, styleBright, "Tic Tac Bot v1.0"
        echo game, "\n"
        styledEcho fgMagenta, styleBright, "You are ", fgBlue, "O"
        stdout.styledWrite(fgRed, styleBright, "Make your move ", fgBlue, "(", fgYellow, "0", fgGreen, "~", fgYellow, "8", fgBlue, ")", fgRed, ": ")
        flushFile(stdout)
        try:
            index = int(parseBiggestInt(readLine(stdin).strip(chars={'\n'})))
            location = ind2sub(index, game.map.shape)
        except ValueError:
            stdout.write("\x1Bc")
            styledEcho fgRed, styleBright, "Invalid move"
            continue
        if index notin 0..8 or TileKind(game.map[location.row, location.col]) != Empty:
            stdout.write("\x1Bc")
            styledEcho fgRed, styleBright, "Invalid move"
            continue
        game.place(Enemy, location.row, location.col)
        stdout.write("\x1Bc")
        if game.get() == WinO:
            echo game, "\n"
            styledEcho fgGreen, styleBright, "Human wins!"
            return
        moves = moves.find(game.map)
        moves = moves.findBest(game.map, true).move
        location = where(moves.state, moves.state != game.map, 3).index(Self.uint8)
        game.place(Self, location.row, location.col)
        stdout.write("\x1Bc")
        if game.get() != Draw:
            styledEcho fgCyan, styleBright, "Computer chose ", fgYellow, $game.map.getIndex(location.row, location.col)
        if game.get() == WinX:
            echo game, "\n"
            styledEcho fgRed, styleBright, "Computer wins!"
            return
    echo game
    echo "It's a draw!"


proc hook {.noconv.} =
    echo ""
    quit(0)


when isMainModule:
    var path = getCacheDir() / "ttb"
    path.createDir()
    path = path / "cache.bin"
    setControlCHook(hook)
    var movesA: Move
    var movesB: Move
    # Since generating two full trees is pretty expensive, we cache
    # them the first time we generate them (since it's not like they 
    # change anyway) so that we don't have to regenerate them every time
    if not fileExists(path):
        styledEcho fgCyan, styleBright, "Generating move trees..."
        # Sadly we need to generate two trees for both cases where either we or
        # our opponent have the first turn, as the states between them are not
        # interchangeable at all (trust me, I tried)
        movesA = generateMoves(build(@[uint8(0), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]).map, Enemy)
        movesB = generateMoves(build(@[uint8(0), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]).map, Self)
        styledEcho fgCyan, styleBright, "Caching results to disk..."
        var fp = open(path, fmWrite)
        discard fp.writeBytes(movesA.dumpBytes(), 0, 8799135)
        discard fp.writeBytes(movesB.dumpBytes(), 0, 8799135)
        fp.close()
    else:
        styledEcho fgCyan, styleBright, "Loading previously cached move trees..."
        var fp = open(path, fmRead)
        var data: seq[byte] = @[]
        for _ in 0..<8799135:
            data.add(byte(0))
        discard fp.readBytes(data, 0, 8799135)
        movesA = data.loadBytes()
        discard fp.readBytes(data, 0, 8799135)
        movesB = data.loadBytes()
        fp.close()
    # Here we pick one of the first 5 best moves so that the bot doesn't
    # always start with an X in the left corner when it's playing first
    var state = movesB.state.copy()
    var best: seq[Move] = @[]
    for i in 0..4:
        best.add(movesB.findBest(state, true, i).move)
    movesB = sample(best)
    while true:
        try:
            play(movesA, movesB)
            stdout.styledWrite(fgGreen, styleBright, "Again? ", fgYellow ,"[Y/n] ")
            flushFile(stdout)
            if readLine(stdin).strip(chars={'\n'}).toLowerAscii() in ["no", "n"]:
                break
        except IOError:
            break
        except EOFError:
            break
        except NilAccessDefect:
            stdout.styledWriteLine(fgRed, styleBright, "Segmentation fault")
            break