The testing for the loglinear package uses functional invariants over randomly generated inputs, which in general yields
much more durable software.

This is aided by the JUnit port of Quickcheck. The general tactic for testing is to randomly generate inputs, then use
the slow definitional approach on tractably small inputs and test that the output of our algorithms always matches
exactly. The GitHub for the Quickcheck port is https://github.com/pholser/junit-quickcheck. The dependencies for that
are in the lib/ folder in test1.

Some of the general testing approaches are listed below:

message passing -> tested against brute force factor multiplication and marginalization
partition function -> tested against brute force multiplication and summation
log likelihood gradient -> tested against definition of derivative
optimization -> tested by making thousands of random perturbations around the function to check if any values are better
concatVector -> tested against a non-sparse version
table factor -> tested against functional invariants of results, and re-implementations using different algorithms